OPERATING SYSTEMS
Software - a set of electronic instructions that tell a PC what to do
OS - manages the hardware, resources and application software. An OS also provides the following services to computer hardware and peripherals.
OS are 32 or 64bit
User interface
GUI-Graphical User Interface (Icons, click mouse) examples are Windows Command Line OS examples are MS DOS and UNIX
OS terms
Version - A particular revision of a piece of software, in relations to other versions of the product
Source - Code use to write particular software. Open source means that the OS can be examined and modified by users for example Linux and close source means that the actual code cannot be modified like Windows OS
Shell - A program that runs on top of an OS. The two examples of shells are DOS (command shell) and Windows (GUI)
GUI- GUI's use a mouse and touch pad to move in an OS
Types of OS
MS DOS-A OS developed by MS from Quick and Dirty DOS
Version 1.0 - First version very archaic
Version 1.1 - Supported 320KB floppy drives
Version 2.0 - Hard drive and subdirectory support
Version 3.0- 1.2 MB floppy support
Version 4.0 - Provided a DOS shell feature
Version 5.0 - Provided memory management support and improved utilities
Version 6.0 - Added MEMMAKER
Version 6.22 - Added DriveSpace disk compression utility
Windows - A GUI OS perfected and marketed by MS
Versions of Windows include:
Microsoft Client OS
Windows 95 - PnP, very user friendly
Windows 98 - More stable than Windows 95, also adds more features
Windows 2000 - PnP, supports administrative tools and disk management
Windows NT 4.0 - Older OSl, only drawback is its not PnP
Windows Me - A patch up OS with decent support for graphics
Windows XP - Most popular OS flagship from MS targeting end users
Windows Vista - OS that introduced Aero, Desktop Gadgets etc.
Windows 7 - Most popular MS OS to date
Windows 8 - MS newest OS introduced the Metro Interface
Windows 8.1
Windows 10
Windows 11
Microsoft Server OS
Windows NT
Windows 2K
Windows 2003
Windows 2008
Windows 2012
Windows 2016
Windows 2019
Windows 2022
Linux - A free and stable OS invented by Linus Torvald
Different vendors of Linux include:
Ubuntu Linux
Kali Linux
Tails Linux
Fedora Linux
Red Hat Linux
Caldera Linux
Mandrake Linux
SuSe Linux
VaLinux
Corel Linux
UNIX - The oldest and most powerful OS around
Most UNIX systems are descendants of the System V and BSD Models
Most popular UNIX versions are as follows:
Sun Solaris UNIX
HP AIX
IBM UNIX
Free BSD
Novell Netware - A Network OS known for its file and print capabilities
Novell Netware 3.x
Novell Netware 4.x
Novell Netware 5.x
Novell Netware 6.x
OS/2 - A 32-bit GUI OS from IBM
Mac OS - A GUI OS from Apple developed for Macintosh and i-Mac computers
Mac OS 7.x
Mac OS 8.x
Mac OS 9.x
Mac OS X (Snow Leopard, Lion and Mountain Lion)
Mac OS x (Monterrey, Big Sur, Catalina, Mojave)
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OS
